ელეგია და კუბიზმი გიიომ აპოლინერის ალკოჰოლებში

აბსტრაქტი

სტატიიდან აღებული ავტორის ინგლისურენოვანი რეზიუმე:

Guillaume Apollinaire is rightfully considered the chief of the French poetic avant-garde of the beginning of 20th century. His Alcohols, published in 1913, condensed the results of poetic researches and experiments of this period and influenced all French poetry. Alcohols represents an interesting mixture of the old and the new, it bears elegiac tonality but is constructed according to the principles of cubist aesthetics. Its publication follows the revolution made by cubism in the 20th century painting. The question of the hour is the expression of simultaneousness in the art. Apollinaire abandons punctuation, uses collage, he refers to the simple, spontaneous poetic images, he frees the poem and gives it simplicity.

Apollinaire uses also the white space of the page, disposing the verses so the poem can be perceived simultaneously by the eye and the ear. The absence of punctuation in a poem gives more liberty of its visual perception and interpretation. Apollinaire’s decision came from the principles of cubism aesthetics. The reader «cuts» in his mind the verses freed from punctuation and gathers the cut pieces with their meaning. Zone shows clearly Apollinaire’s poetic and artistic aesthetics. This poem which is the point of departure for the book’s principle themes, recalls with its structure (it is constructed with short frames) an equivalent of video-editing of the memory and makes the first impression of the continuous-discontinuous flow which characterises the whole book.

At the same time, Zone is a plunge in the subconscious, a desire of a confession. With this poem Apollinaire prescribes everything necessary for freedom from the shadow of past. From this point of view, we can consider Alcohols as a continuation of the descent to the hell, begun in Zone, a magic journey whose end is the birth of a new man. By way of Alcohols the poet considers himself an Orpheus who descends to the caves of the memory, to be reborn like a phoenix after being burnt in its embers.

გამოქვეყნებულია ჟურნალში „სჯანი“, ტ. 10 (2009), გვ. 171–179. ნაშრომის გახსნა